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Rhinovirus

Microbiology > Virology > RNA viruses > Single Stranded RNA viruses > Picornavirus
 

 
  1. Structure
    2.  
    1. Part of the Picornavirus family
      2.   
      1. Small virus (20-30 nm)
        
    2. Naked ssRNA+, icosahedral capsid
     
  2. Pathobiology
    3.  
    1. Transmitted by respiratory droplets
      2.   
    2. Enters cell by attaching ICAM-1
      3.   
      1. Present on many cells such as epithelial, fibroblast, B-lymphoblast cells
        
    3. Acid labile
      4.   
      1. All other viruses in the picornavirus family are acid stabile
        
    4. Grows best at 33-35˚C
      5.   
      1. Infects the upper respiratory tract because it is cooler than body temperature
        2.    
      2. Able to survive outside the human body for up to 3 hours
        
    5. Multiple serotypes (>100)
      6.   
      1. Previous infection does not provide immunity from subsequent infections
        2.    
      2. Hard to develop a vaccine
     
  3. Epidemiology
    4.  
    1. Transmitted through direct contact, fomites, and respiratory droplets
      2.   
    2. Typically see cases in the Autumn or winter
     
  4. Lab Diagnosis
    5.  
  5. Disease Manifestations
    6.  
    1. Common Cold
      2.   
    2. Non-specific URI,       rhinorrhea, and nasal obstruction
      3.   
    3. Therapy: supportive care
     
  6. Prevention: washing hands
    7.  
  7. Differential diagnosis: Other causes of the common cold
    8.  
    1. Rhinovirus
      2.   
    2. Coronavirus
      3.   
    3. Adenovirus
      4.   
    4. Influenza C virus
      5.   
    5. Coxsackie virus
Related concepts
common cold
 
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